Phase of mitosis in which the chromatin duplicates itself and thickens into chromosomes, the spindle fibers form, and the nuclear membrane disintegrates Remove wrong nucleotides from the daughter strand. Chromatin is located in the cell's nucleus.Ĭollective term for cells that engulf other cells or microorganisms Mass of genetic material composed of DNA and proteins that condense to form chromosomes in eukaryotic cell division. Type of filament in eukaryotic cells composed of units of the protein tubulin. Activity of the enzyme is reduced when the inhibitor binds with the enzyme in place of the true substrate. Multi-layered, sturdy structure composed of cellulose that provides plants and other organisms with their rigidityĪ substance that mimics a substrate that normally binds to an enzyme. Having a single set of chromosomes in the nucleus of each cell. They help to organize the assembly of microtubules during cell division. The digestive plants of food for the cell, changes shape from task to taskĬylindrical structures, found in animal cells, that are composed of groupings of microtubules arranged in a 9 + 3 pattern. The synthesis of proteins according to information enclosed in DNA Some phages, however, will incorporate their DNA into that of their host, and remain dormant for an extended period. Virus which infects and destroys a bacterial host. Chargaff’s rule states that the amounts of cytosine and guanine are equal, and the amounts of thymine and adenine are equal. Principle governing the balance of quantities of the four nucleic bases present in the DNA of any cell. Spherical organelle that is the cell's control centerĬellular division that yields two identical cells from one cell through a five-step process Time period between cellular divisions in which cellular processes such as protein synthesis are carried outĪ carbohydrate that is found in cell walls Primitive cell type that lacks a nuclear membrane and membrane-bound organellesĪ complex molecule found in numerous cellular structures that is composed of amino acids Region outside of metazoan cells which includes compounds attached to the plasma membrane, as well as dissolved substances attracted to the surface charge of the cells. Unwounds a portion of the DNA Double Helix Spherical structure within the nucleus that contains RNAĬellular division that yields four gametes through two cellular divisionsĮxtremely small grain-like organelle that provides the sites for protein synthesisĪdvanced cell type with a nuclear membrane surrounding genetic material and numerous membrane-bound organelles dispersed in a complex cellular structure This includes organelles and the cytosol.ĭivision of the cytoplasm that produces distinct daughter cells. Membrane-bound organelles containing chlorophyll that is found in photosynthetic organismsĪn extension on many unicellular organisms that enables movement through whip-like motionsĬhemical used to start the Krebs cycle in plant cellular respirationĪll of the contents outside of the nucleus of a membrane bound cell. Membrane-bound organelles in the cytoplasm that are used for storage and digestion Process by which a cell replicates its DNA and packages it into a new cell, resulting in two cells with a complete copy of the cell’s genome Genetically independent organelles that produce energy for the cells along their many internal folds, called cristae Membrane surrounding the nucleus that is covered with pores and controls nuclear traffic The cell's highway transport system composed of tubes and membranes connected to the nuclear membrane and extending through the cytoplasm that is also utilized for storing and separating The green material found in chloroplasts that is active in photosynthesis Multi-layered organelle near the nucleus used for packaging of materials to be transported out of the cellĪ thin semi-permeable membrane that surrounds the cell's cytoplasm.Īttaches RNA primers to the replicating strands. Network of fibers throughout the cell's cytoplasm that helps the cell maintain its shape and gives support to the cell.Īdds phosphate in the remaining gaps of the phosphate - sugar backboneĬhromosome region that joins two sister chromatids. Most metazoans and plants are diploid.ĭeoxyribonucleic acid is the double-helix molecule holding the genetic information of organisms that, along with protein, composes the chromatin Having two different sets of chromosomes in the same nucleus of each cell. The smallest unit of life that carries out its own processes Phase of mitosis in which the chromosome pairs have separated and reached opposite poles of the cell as the spindle begins to disintegrate, the nuclear membrane reappears, and the cytoplasm begins to divide
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